An oral exam is routinely performed during a comprehensive initial exam and at regular dental check-ups. An oral cancer exam focuses on identifying and managing diseases affecting the mouth and maxillofacial regions.

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Oral Soft Tissue Health

The soft tissue of the mouth is normally lined with mucosa, a specialized type of skin that should appear smooth and pink. Changes in color or texture of the mucosa may indicate a pathological condition. These changes can occur on the face, neck, or inside the mouth (gums, tongue, lips, etc.). While oral cancer is the most serious concern, other common conditions may also affect the oral tissues:

  • Geographic Tongue: Also called Benign Migratory Glossitis or Erythema Migrans, this condition creates map-like red patches on the tongue where papillae are missing. The patches may appear and disappear over time and can increase sensitivity to certain substances.
  • Median Palatal Cyst: A developmental cyst, usually fluid-filled, appearing in the center of the palate. It can cause discomfort.
  • Hairy Tongue: Overgrowth of bacteria or yeast can cause the tongue to appear black and hairy. It is often associated with poor oral hygiene, long-term antibiotic use, head or neck radiation, HIV infection, or intravenous drug use. Treatment may not always be required.

Treatment of Pathological Conditions

Many oral pathologies are uncomfortable but not life-threatening. However, early detection of oral cancer significantly improves survival rates. Oral cancer affects the tongue, jaw, and lower cheek areas. Immediate attention is critical if changes are noticed. Treatment options for less severe conditions include:

  • Antibiotics: Prescribed for bacterial infections or persistent soreness to restore healthy mucosa and alleviate discomfort.
  • Diluted Hydrogen Peroxide: Used as a mouth rinse to control bacterial overgrowth, improve oral hygiene, and reduce bad breath.
  • Oral Surgery: Removal of cysts or abnormal non-cancerous growths can improve comfort, breathing, and speech depending on the location.

Oral Examinations

During check-ups, the dentist inspects the soft tissues and notes any changes. If abnormal cell changes are detected, a biopsy may be taken and analyzed by specialists. Based on the results, the dentist will recommend the appropriate treatment.

Oral Cancer Screenings

Oral cancer screenings are typically performed during comprehensive exams or recall visits. The procedure is painless and takes only a few minutes. A laser light is used to detect abnormal cell changes. If detected, a small biopsy is performed. If cancer is confirmed, surgical excision is usually recommended.

If you experience any pain or concerning symptoms, please contact our office to schedule an appointment. Early detection is key to effective treatment.